Precision oncology is a targeted approach to the diagnosis and treatment of cancer based on an individual’s specific profile. A biomarker is a measurable and quantifiable biological molecule, which can be a protein, DNA, RNA, or biological compound, which acts as an indicator for a specific biological state or condition3.
In the context of personalised cancer therapy, biomarkers are used to predict the course of the disease (prognostic biomarkers) and predict which patients will have the highest probability (predictive biomarkers) of responding to selected therapies or have adverse side effects with particular therapies.